Gastritis and Gastric Ulcer Guide for a Healthy Senior Life
Introduction
As we age, many people notice their digestive system isn’t as strong as it used to be. Today, let’s explore two common gastrointestinal conditions in middle-aged and older adults: gastritis and gastric ulcers — explained in a clear and practical way.
What’s the Difference Between Gastritis and a Gastric Ulcer?
What is Gastritis?
Gastritis refers to inflammation of the stomach lining. Think of it like a red, swollen area that forms when your skin is injured. It often heals within days or weeks but can become chronic if neglected.
What is a Gastric Ulcer?
A gastric ulcer is a deeper wound or sore in the stomach lining — similar to a mouth ulcer, but inside your stomach. It’s a more severe condition than gastritis and requires longer treatment.
What Causes These Conditions?
Primary Causes
- Helicobacter pylori infection: A harmful stomach bacterium infecting over 70% of adults over age 50. It irritates and damages the stomach lining over time.
- Medications: Long-term use of NSAIDs like ibuprofen, naproxen, or aspirin can erode the stomach lining.
- Lifestyle factors: Stress, smoking, alcohol, spicy foods, and irregular meals all strain the stomach.
- Aging: As we age, the stomach lining weakens and acid production may change, increasing vulnerability.
What Are the Symptoms?
Gastritis Symptoms
- Bloating and indigestion
- Burning sensation in the stomach or chest (acid reflux)
- Nausea
- Loss of appetite
- Discomfort in the upper abdomen
Gastric Ulcer Symptoms
- Hunger pain: Burning pain in the upper stomach when empty
- Nighttime pain that disturbs sleep
- Pain relief after eating (temporarily)
- Pain radiating to the back
- Unintentional weight loss
Self-Assessment Checklist at Home
Do You Have These Symptoms?
Check any that apply:
Common Gastric Symptoms
- Upper abdominal discomfort or frequent pain
- Poor digestion after eating
- Burning or acidic feeling in the chest
- Frequent nausea
- Noticeable loss of appetite
Suggestive of Gastritis
- More discomfort after meals
- Frequent burping
- General decline in digestive function
Suggestive of Ulcers
- Pain intensifies on an empty stomach
- Eating temporarily relieves the pain
- Pain disrupts sleep at night
- Pain spreads to the back
Risk Factors
- Helicobacter pylori infection or family history of stomach disease
- Long-term use of NSAIDs
- Smoking or frequent alcohol use
- High stress levels
- Skipping meals or irregular eating habits
- Preference for spicy or salty foods
- Heavy coffee consumption
The more boxes you check, the higher your risk.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Seek Emergency Care If You Experience:
- Vomiting blood or black, coffee-ground-like material
- Black, tarry stools
- Severe, stabbing stomach pain
- Dizziness or fainting (due to anemia or blood loss)
Visit a Doctor Promptly If:
- Symptoms persist for more than 2 weeks
- Pain worsens or interferes with daily life
- Sudden, significant weight loss occurs
- Over-the-counter meds don’t help
Everyday Management Tips
Diet Tips
Recommended Foods:
- Soft, easily digested foods: rice porridge, steamed egg, tofu, banana
- Mucosa-protective foods: cabbage, broccoli, potatoes
- Warm water or barley tea for hydration
Foods to Avoid:
- Spicy/salty dishes: kimchi stew, ramen, pickled seafood
- Greasy foods: fried dishes, pork belly, fried chicken
- Irritating drinks: coffee, alcohol, soda
- Acidic fruits: oranges, tomatoes, tangerines
Lifestyle Tips
- Eat regularly: Stick to 3 meals a day at consistent times. Eat slowly and avoid overeating.
- Get enough rest: Stress increases stomach acid and worsens inflammation.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol: Both directly damage the stomach lining.
- Use medications properly: Always consult a doctor before taking NSAIDs. Use stomach-protective meds as advised.
Diagnostic Tests for Accurate Evaluation
Common Tests
- Upper endoscopy (gastroscopy): Gold standard test to visually inspect the stomach lining.
- H. pylori tests: Blood, stool, or breath tests to detect infection.
- Barium swallow (upper GI X-ray): Alternative for those who cannot undergo endoscopy.
Preparation for Endoscopy
- Fast for at least 8 hours beforehand
- Confirm medication use with your doctor
- Inform staff if you wear dentures
Treatment Options
Medications
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): Reduce stomach acid (omeprazole, lansoprazole)
- Stomach lining protectants: Create a protective barrier (sucralfate, rebamipide)
- H. pylori eradication therapy: 2–3 antibiotics plus a PPI for 1–2 weeks
Typical Duration
- Gastritis: 2–4 weeks
- Ulcers: 6–8 weeks
- H. pylori treatment: 1–2 weeks
Always complete the full course of treatment even if symptoms improve early.
Preventing Complications
If left untreated, gastritis and ulcers can lead to:
- Stomach bleeding: May cause anemia, vomiting blood, or bloody stools
- Perforation: A deep ulcer can tear the stomach wall, requiring emergency surgery
- Stomach cancer: Long-term inflammation or untreated H. pylori increases risk
Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to avoid these complications.
The Importance of Regular Screening
If you’re over 50, it’s recommended to undergo gastroscopy every 2 years. You may need more frequent exams if you:
- Have a family history of stomach cancer
- Tested positive for H. pylori
- Have chronic gastritis
- Take NSAIDs long-term
Conclusion
Gastritis and gastric ulcers are common but should not be ignored. With proper diet, lifestyle habits, and medical care, you can prevent serious complications and maintain a healthy digestive system.
Key points:
- Early and accurate diagnosis through endoscopy
- Consistent use of prescribed medications
- Healthy diet and meal timing
- Avoidance of harmful habits like smoking and alcohol
- Regular follow-ups and screenings
A healthy stomach means more enjoyable meals and a better quality of life. Let’s take care of it—starting today.
Disclaimer: This article is for general informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Consult a healthcare provider for any symptoms or treatment plans.